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. 1999 Jul 15;19(14):6037–6057. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-14-06037.1999

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Schematic sagittal view of the song control system of an adult male zebra finch. Area X (a nucleus of the avian basal ganglia) projects to the thalamic nucleus DLM. The dorsolateral (DL) subregion of DLM projects to a central core of magnocellular neurons within the cortical nucleus lMAN, whereas the ventromedial (VM) part of DLM projects solely to a shell surrounding lMANcore, which consists primarily of parvicellular neurons (Johnson and Bottjer, 1992). In addition to receiving different afferents, the core and shell subregions of lMAN project to different targets: whereas lMANcore projects to RA and Area X, lMANshell projects to a region adjacent to RA called Ad (Bottjer et al., 1989; Johnson et al., 1995; Vates and Nottebohm, 1995). X, Area X of the avian striatum;DLM, medial portion of the dorsolateral region of the anterior thalamus; lMAN, lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum; RA, robust nucleus of the archistriatum; Ad, dorsal archistriatum;nXIIts, tracheosyringeal part of the hypoglossal nucleus; nAm, nucleus ambiguus;nRAm, nucleus retroambigualis; c, core;s, shell.