Figure 2. Prolonged muscle inactivity induces mitochondrial dysfunction.
Mitochondria become dysfunctional during prolonged inactivity and demonstrate increased mitochondrial fission, decreased mitochondrial proteins, decreased mitochondrial protein import, and decreased cardiolipin. See text for more details. FIS1, mitochondrial fission 1; OPA1, optic atrophy 1; MFN, mitofusins; DRP1, dynamin related protein 1; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor A.