Skip to main content
. 2019 Oct 8;8:e48114. doi: 10.7554/eLife.48114

Figure 1. Neural activity associated with hunting.

(A) 2-photon GCaMP imaging combined with behavioural tracking during virtual hunting behaviour (see Materials and methods). (B) Schematic of visual stimuli. (C) elavl3:H2B-GCaMP6s;atoh7:gapRFP reference brain showing imaging volume (green box), which encompassed most retinal arborisation fields (AF2–10). In the right hemisphere, RFP has been pseudo-coloured to demarcate specific AFs. (C’) Example of neuronal activity (ΔF/F0) within one focal plane in response to a dark, leftwards moving prey-like spot (mean activity over eight presentations) overlaid onto anatomical image (grey). (D) Example of behavioural tracking data indicating hunting initiation (eye convergence and leftwards J-turn) in response to a dark, leftwards moving prey-like spot. Asterisk indicates time of convergent saccade. cw, clockwise; ccw, counter-clockwise. (E) Distribution of spot locations at time of convergent saccade. Ticks indicates median location for leftwards (blue, –18.13°, N = 162 events in eight fish) and rightwards (red, 22.10°, N = 122 events) moving spots. (F) Hunting response probability (mean + SEM, N = 8 fish) across visual stimuli. (G) Schematic of the visuomotor vector (VMV) generated for each neuron. (H) VMVs of all clustered neurons (N = 93,054 neurons from eight fish). Within each cluster, neurons are ordered according to decreasing correlation with the cluster seed centroid (mean VMV). Coloured lines on the left highlight hunting-related clusters (prey-responsive clusters in blue, hunting-initiation clusters in red). (I) Enlargement showing VMVs of selected hunting-related clusters (1, 4, 25–28). Number of cells in each cluster is shown on right. (J) Stimulus-aligned activity during non-response (top) and response (bottom) trials for neurons in selected clusters (indicated top). (K) Hunting Index (HIx). Top schematic indicates how HIx is computed from calcium signals and bottom shows distribution of HIx scores for selected clusters. Scale bars, 100 µm. A, anterior; D, dorsal; L, leftwards; P, posterior; R, rightwards; V, ventral; Sym, symmetric. See also Figure 1—figure supplements 1 and 2 and Video 1.

Figure 1—source data 1. Source data for Figure 1.
Data provided as a MATLAB structure.
elife-48114-fig1-data1.mat (11.3MB, mat)
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.48114.006

Figure 1.

Figure 1—figure supplement 1. Behavioural and clustering analyses.

Figure 1—figure supplement 1.

(A) Fraction of convergent saccades associated with leftwards, rightwards, symmetrical or no tail movement. (B) Mean time from convergent saccade to tail movement, per fish. (C) Cumulative distributions of spot locations at convergent saccade (N = 8 fish). The distributions of median spot locations for individual fish are reported at the top. (D) Scatter plot indicating maximum visual response versus goodness of fit of regression modelling, for all recorded cells. Coloured points indicate cells in the top 5th percentile for at least one metric, which were selected for unsupervised clustering (N = 17,181 cells out of 181,123). (E) Examples of three regressors used for multilinear regression modelling. In each case, three representative behavioural events are shown with the value of the regressor and recorded calcium activity from a well modelled cell. Coefficients from multilinear regression contribute to the VMV of the neuron. cw, clockwise; ccw, counter-clockwise; L, leftwards; R, rightwards; SD, standard deviation. (F) Number of neurons in cluster seeds. (G) Number of neurons in final clusters. (H) Cluster centroids (mean VMVs) for all 36 clusters. (I) Distributions of VMV components for all clusters. Distributions across all clustered neurons are overlaid in grey. Y-axis ranges from 0 to 0.4 (fraction), x-axis ranges from –2 to 6 (SD).
Figure 1—figure supplement 2. Stimulus and motor-triggered calcium responses.

Figure 1—figure supplement 2.

(A–B) Visual stimulus-aligned (A) and eye convergence-aligned (B) ΔF/F0 responses for all 36 clusters. Responses are shown for small moving spots (dark/bright moving leftwards/rightwards, as indicated at top of columns). Traces show mean ±95% confidence intervals across all neurons in each cluster. Dashed vertical lines indicate start/end of stimulus presentation in non-response trials (A), or time of saccadic convergence (B). L, leftwards; R, rightwards. X-axis reports time in seconds.