Geometric mean concentrations of (A) CRP, (B) IL-6, (C) sCD14, and (D) TNFα in plasma of HIV-positive children who had been receiving ART and cotrimoxazole for ≥96 weeks and were then randomized to stop (orange circles) or continue (green squares) cotrimoxazole. Randomized groups were compared across timepoints using generalized estimating equations and at individual timepoints using standard regression models (normal distribution for log-transformed values), adjusted for center and baseline concentrations (global p; A-D); *p<0.05, **p<0.01 ***p<0.001. (E) Serum protein concentrations at week-48 post-randomization; horizontal bars indicate means. Comparisons between groups by Mann-Whitney U test; *p<0.05, **p<0.01 ***p<0.001.