(A) Single molecule RNA fish showing the presence of centromeric alpha
satellite-derived transcripts in RPE-1 cells. Scale bar = 5 μm. (B)
Quantification of transcript numbers. Transcripts are approximately equal in
cycling and G0 quiescent cells, but decrease when treated with the Cdk7
transcription inhibitor THZ1. Error bars represent the mean and standard
deviation (cycling n = 267 nuclei; cycling + THZ1 n = 113; quiescent n = 269;
quiescent + THZ1 n = 183). ****p<0.0001 by Mann Whitney test. (C)
Immunofluorescence for RNA Pol II and detection of nascent RNA synthesis by EU
incorporation reveals ongoing transcription in prophase I arrested starfish
oocytes. Scale bar = 5 μm. (D) Pol II and nascent RNA (EU) are present in
the vicinity of centromeres, visualized with 3xGFP-CENP-N in arrested oocytes.
Pol II and EU images are scaled equivalently. (E) Treatment with the Pol II
inhibitor Triptolide reduces Pol II localization and EU levels at centromeres.
Individual points represent the average fluorescence at all centromeres. Error
bars represent the mean and standard deviation (control n = 51 oocytes,
triptolide n = 57 oocytes, measured for both Pol II and EU). ****p<0.0001
by Mann Whitney test. (F) Immunofluorescence showing new CENP-A incorporation in
quiescent oocytes. Inhibition of Pol II with 10 μM of triptolide, or Cdk9
with 1 μM of LDC000067 reduces incorporation of new 3xGFP-CENP-A in
prophase after 9 days in culture. Incorporation occurs in prophase I, but
oocytes were stimulated to enter meiosis I for visualization to condense
chromosomes for clarity. Scale bar = 5 μm. Metaphase 3xGFP-CENP-A images
are scaled equivalently, and prophase images are linearly scaled individually
(G) Quantification of new 3xGFP-CENP-A incorporation relative to DMSO control.
Each point represents the mean of all centromeres from one oocyte. Error bars
represent the mean and standard deviation (control, n = 58; triptolide, n = 47;
Cdk9i, n = 51). ****p<0.0001 by Mann Whitney test. (H) Inhibition with 10
μM triptolide or 1 μM LDC000067 during prophase I arrest and in
meiosis does not alter incorporation of new 3xGFP-CENP-A in G1. Scale bars = 5
μm. (I) Quantification of 3xGFP-CENP-A incorporation relative to DMSO
control. Each point represents the mean of all centromeres from one oocyte.
Error bars represent the mean and standard deviation (control n = 42, triptolide
n = 20, Cdk9i n = 38). Significance determined by Mann Whitney test.