Skip to main content
. 2019 Sep;11(Suppl 14):S1708–S1720. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2019.05.09

Table 4. Mortality risk factors in COPD.

Hypocapnia
Older age
Lower hemoglobin
Increasing residual volume
Lower zone predominant emphysema
Lower total lung capacity
Left heart failure

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.