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. 2019 Sep;11(Suppl 14):S1767–S1781. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2019.09.14

Table 6. Endothelin pathway in PAH—summary of clinical studies.

ERA Study Background Primary endpoint Secondary endpoints Duration (weeks) Patients
Bosentan (Tracleer) Study 351 None 6MWT TTCW 12 32
BREATHE-1 None 44 m (P<0.001) TTCW 16 213
BREATHE-2 None PVR 12 33
EARLY PDE5i (16%) PVR, 6MWD TTCW 24 185
BREATHE-5 None PVR, SaO2 12 54
Ambrisentan (Letairis) ARIES-1 None 31 m (5 mg) and 51 m (10 mg) TTCW (ns) 12 202
ARIES-2 None 32 m (2.5 mg) and 59 m (5 mg) TTCW 12 192
Macitentan (Opsumit) SERAPHIN None/PDE5i/iloprost TTCW: 46.4% placebo, 38.0% 3 mg, 31.4% 10 mg Safety 100 742

PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; PDE5, phosphodiesterase-5; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; 6MWD, 6-minute walk distance.