Table 2.
Self-reported markers of circadian rhythms, excessive daytime sleepiness, and depressive affect in young-onset ASP and conventional chronotype family members
| Conventional | ASP | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | n | M ± SD | n | M ± SD | Cohen’s d |
| MEQ | 14 | 57.21 ± 8.71 | 17 | ***76.1 ± 3.88 | 2.80 |
| GSQ MSF | 11 | 03:05 ± 1.01 | 15 | ***0:51 ± 0.74 | 2.87 |
| GSQ MSW | 11 | 02:27 ± 0.90 | 16 | ***0:37 ± 0.55 | 2.55 |
| Intrvw MSF | 14 | 03:06 ± 1.01 | 16 | ***01:19 ± 0.76 | 2.09 |
| Intrvw MSW | 14 | 02:36 ± 0.82 | 15 | ***01:10 ± 0.66 | 1.69 |
| Earliest MSF | 11 | 02:04 ± 0.78 | 13 | ***23:47 ± 0.62 | 3.65 |
| Speed SO | 11 | 43.27 ± 21.18 | 14 | 44.57 ± 16.42 | 0.07 |
| Speed WU | 11 | 55.27 ± 23.55 | 14 | *76.29 ± 19.11 | 0.98 |
| ESS | 11 | 11.36 ± 5.01 | 15 | 9.80 ± 6.36 | 0.27 |
| BDI-II | 13 | 6.31 ± 5.98 | 19 | 5.63 ± 6.99 | 0.10 |
ASP, advanced sleep phase; n, subsample size; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; MEQ, Horne-Ostberg Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire; GSQ, general sleep questionnaire; MSF, midpoint of sleep on work-free days; MSW, midpoint of sleep on workdays; Intrvw, structured interview; Earliest, earliest possible sleep onset and final wake up time without prior sleep deprivation; Speed SO, speed of evening sleep onset (visual analog scale from 0-100); Speed WU, speed of morning wake up (visual analog scale from 0-100); ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-II.
Student’s two-tailed unpaired t-test *p < .05, ***p < .001.