Table 4.
Synergistic antimicrobial activity of S. presica with different antimicrobial agents.
| Bacteria | Antibiotics (anti.) |
MIZ * with anti. (mm) (mean ± SD) |
MIZ with S. presica (mm) (mean ± SD) |
MIZ with anti. and S. presica (mm) (mean ± SD) |
Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. gingivalis | Metronidazole | 4 ± 1.0 | 15 ± 0.35 | 18 ± 1.68 | Antagonism |
| Amoxicillin Azithromycin Tetracycline |
12 ± 2.65 19 ± 3.6 15 ± 4.58 |
31 ± 2.15 34 ± 3.5 33 ± 3.78 |
Synergism Additive Synergism |
||
| T. denticola | Metronidazole | 15 ± 3.0 | 14 ± 1.75 | 29 ± 2.69 | Additive |
| Amoxicillin | 15 ± 2.64 | 27 ± 1.45 | Antagonism | ||
| Azithromycin | 17 ± 1.73 | 31 ± 2.65 | Additive | ||
| Tetracycline | 12 ± 2.0 | 28 ± 2.96 | Synergism | ||
| T. forsythia | Metronidazole | 18 ± 3.0 | 19 ± 1.56 | 32 ± 3.02 | Antagonism |
| Amoxicillin | 13 ± 1.0 | 37 ± 3.47 | Synergism | ||
| Azithromycin | 13 ± 2.0 | 32 ± 4.02 | Additive | ||
| Tetracycline | 8 ± 1.2 | 31 ± 2.58 | Synergism | ||
|
A.
actinomycetemcomitans |
Metronidazole | 10 ± 1.52 | 10 ± 2.0 | 27 ± 1.78 | Synergism |
| Amoxicillin | 6 ± 1.36 | 14 ± 0.85 | Antagonism | ||
| Azithromycin | 15 ± 3.0 | 28 ± 3.26 | Synergism | ||
| Tetracycline | 13 ± 1.25 | 22 ± 1.52 | Antagonism |
* MIZ: Mean of inhibition zone.