Table 2.
Bispecific antibody T- and NK-cell redirecting antibody formats represented in clinical trials *,**.
| Bispecific T- or NK-Cell Redirecting Antibody Format *** | Clinical Stage | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase I/II | Phase III | Approved | ||
| Short half-life bivalent fragments (e.g., BiTE®s, DART®s, ImTACs, other bivalent fragments) | 15 | 0 | 1 | 16 |
| Half-life extended bivalent fragments (e.g., DART®-Fc, Extended half-life BiTE®s, TriTAC) | 11 | 0 | 0 | 11 |
| Asymmetric bivalent IgG-like (e.g., Trion, BEAT, Xencor H/A platform, Duobodies, other asymmetric platforms) | 21 | 0 | 1 **** | 22 |
| Roche TCB 2:1, Chugai ART-Ig®-scFv and Teneobio 2:1 platforms (two binding sites for target cell, one for CD3) | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| ADAPTIR® and TandAb platforms (tetravalent platforms) | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Chemically conjugated IgGs (tetravalent; two IgGs) | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Total | 59 | 0 | 2 | 61 |
Abbreviations: ADAPTIR, modular protein technology; ART-Ig®, asymmetric re-engineering technology–immunoglobulin; BEAT, bispecific engagement by antibodies based on the T cell receptor; BiTE®, bispecific T cell engager; DART®, dual affinity retargeting (antibody); ImmTAC, immune-mobilizing monoclonal TCR against cancer; TandAb, tandem diabody; TCB, T-cell bispecific; TriTAC, Trispecific T cell activating construct. * BiStro Biotech Consulting LLC database, locked 20 June 2019. Data obtained from Clinicaltrials.gov, literature papers, company websites, analyst reports and other sources. ** Out of a total known 122 bispecific antibodies being studied in clinical trials as of 20 June 2019. *** The platforms and abbreviations are described in the text and in Figure 7. **** Voluntarily removed from marketing in 2017.