Table 2.
Comparison of limit of detection (LOD), specificity, sample preparation methods, and sample-to-answer time of the analytical methods developed for the detection of CTXs.
| Methods | Fluorescent Sandwich Elisa | LC-MS/MS | Receptor Binding Assay (RBA) | Cell-Based Assay (CBA-N2a) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOD | 0.09–0.16 pg/mL (18–32 pg/kg) 1 |
20 pg/mL (4 ng/kg) 1 |
0.075 ppb (75 ng/kg) |
0.002 ppb (2 ng/kg) |
| Specificity | high | high | none | none |
| Sample preparation methods | Extraction + solid phase extraction cartridges (Florisil + PSA) |
Extraction + solid phase extraction cartridges (Florisil + PSA) |
Extraction + solid phase extraction cartridge (C18) | Extraction + solid phase extraction cartridge (C18) |
| Sample-to-answer time | 2.5 h | 30 min | <3 h | 2.5 days |
| References | [49] | [25,26] | [16,19,20] | [18,20] |
1 It was assumed that the sample extracted and purified from fish flesh (5 g) was dissolved in buffer or solvent (1 mL) and then analyzed.