Table 3.
Results of bivariate analysis in a case-control study of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections among HIV-positive men who have sex with men.
| Exposure during the previous 3 monthsa | Proportionb (%) of case patients | Proportionb (%) of control subjects | Matched OR (95% CI) | Pc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contact exposure | ||||
| Close contact with someone with skin infection | 9/35 (25.7) | 6/76 (7.9) | 3.0 (1.1–8.3) | .040 |
| Sex partner with skin infection | 5/35 (14.3) | 3/76 (3.9) | 4.8 (0.9–27.0) | .073 |
| Close contact with someone who was hospitalized | 3/35 (8.6) | 8/76 (10.5) | 0.8 (0.2–3.3) | .776 |
| Close contact with someone who was incarcerated in jail or prison | 5/35 (14.3) | 6/76 (7.9) | 1.9 (0.5–7.4) | .351 |
| Routine hands-on contact with customers at work | 7/35 (20.0) | 6/76 (7.9) | 2.8 (0.9–9.3) | .085 |
| Routine use of a public hot tub or sauna | 19/35 (54.3) | 20/76 (26.3) | 3.8 (1.4–10.0) | .008 |
| Routine use of a fitness gym | 17/35 (48.6) | 29/76 (38.2) | 1.4 (0.6–3.4) | .386 |
| Past medical history | ||||
| Hospitalization overnight or longer, during the previous 12 months | 9/35 (25.7) | 8/76 (10.5) | 3.7 (1.2–11.6) | .027 |
| Drug therapy received | ||||
| Ciprofloxacin | 5/35 (14.3) | 1/76 (1.3) | 5.9 (1.1–31.0) | .036 |
| TMP-SMZ for prophylaxis of opportunistic infection | 8/35 (22.9) | 32/76 (42.1) | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | .031 |
| Antiretroviral therapy | 22/35 (62.9) | 54/76 (71.1) | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | .506 |
| History of boils ⩾2 times per year | 13/35 (37.1) | 22/76 (28.9) | 1.3 (0.6–2.8) | .544 |
| Hygiene practices | ||||
| Frequent use of disposable toilet seat covers | 8/35 (22.9) | 32/76 (42.1) | 0.4 (0.2–1.0) | .047 |
| Frequent fingernail biting | 14/35 (40.0) | 13/76 (17.1) | 2.9 (1.2–6.9) | .020 |
| Illicit drug use | ||||
| Methamphetamines | 13/35 (37.1) | 7/76 (9.2) | 6.7 (1.9–24.7) | .004 |
| Nitrates (“poppers”) | 9/35 (25.7) | 6/76 (7.9) | 4.2 (1.4–12.7) | .012 |
| Sildenafil | 11/35 (31.4) | 11/76 (14.5) | 3.3 (1.1–10.1) | .037 |
| Sexual history | ||||
| Sex partners,d,e median no. (range) | 3 (1–120) | 1 (1–50) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | .079 |
| ⩾2 sex partners versus 1 sex partnere | 22/27 (81.5) | 28/59 (47.5) | 4.4 (1.6–12.3) | .005 |
| Met a sex partner via the Internete | 11/27 (40.7) | 9/59 (15.3) | 5.5 (1.5–20.5) | .011 |
| Met a sex partner in a sex club or bathhousee | 12/27 (44.4) | 10/59 (16.9) | 4.0 (1.3–12.9) | .018 |
| Always used a condom during sexe | 5/27 (18.5) | 28/59 (47.5) | 0.2 (0.1–0.8) | .015 |
| History of a sexually transmitted infection | 9/35 (25.7) | 3/76 (3.9) | 6.4 (1.7–24.4) | .007 |
| Visited a group sex (circuit) party | 6/35 (17.1) | 3/76 (3.9) | 4.1 (1.1–14.7) | .030 |
NOTE. TMP-SMZ, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
a
Unless otherwise stated.
b
No. of case patients or control subjects with characteristic / no. of patients or subjects with data available.
c
By χ2 test.
d
Continuous variable.
e
Among sexually active respondents.