. 2019 Jul 1;7(3):68. doi: 10.3390/dj7030068

Table 2.

Potential risk factors for dental fear at ages seven and nine years.

Variables	Categories	7 Years			9 Years
		No Fear	Fear	p	No Fear	Fear	p
		%	%	p	%	%	p
Sex ^¶	Girl	94	6	0.742	91	9	0.602
Sex ^¶	Boy	95	5	0.742	93	7	0.602
Immigrant background ^¶	Swedish	96	4	0.272	92	8	0.929
Immigrant background ^¶	Immigrant	92	8	0.272	92	8	0.929
Mother’s education ^¶	≤8 years	85	15	0.030	83	17	0.061
Mother’s education ^¶	>8 years	96	4	0.030	94	6	0.061
Parental dental fear ^¶	No	95	5	0.203	94	6	0.038
Parental dental fear ^¶	Yes	90	10	0.203	84	16	0.038
Parental dental attendance ^§	Irregular	96	4	0.652	100	0	0.092
Parental dental attendance ^§	Regular	94	6	0.652	90	10	0.092
Child report of toothache ^¶	No	97	3	<0.001	93	7	0.535
Child report of toothache ^¶	Yes	79	21	<0.001	89	11	0.535
Child report of painful treatment ^¶	No	96	4	0.001	94	6	0.027
Child report of painful treatment ^¶	Yes	76	24	0.001	79	21	0.027
Dental caries in permanent teeth ^§	No	94	6	0.585	92	8	0.889
Dental caries in permanent teeth ^§	Yes	100	0	0.585	93	7	0.889
Dental caries in primary dentition ^¶	No	96	4	0.233	96	4	0.045
Dental caries in primary dentition ^¶	Yes	91	9	0.233	87	13	0.045
Extractions ^¶	No	93	7	0.568	95	5	0.001
Extractions ^¶	Yes	90	10	0.568	75	25	0.001
Injections ^¶	No	94	6	0.468	95	5	0.042
Injections ^¶	Yes	90	10	0.468	84	16	0.042
Increase in caries in primary teeth ^¶	No	95	5	0.276	95	5	0.012
Increase in caries in primary teeth ^¶	Yes	90	10	0.276	84	16	0.012
Increase in caries in permanent teeth ^¶	No	93	7	0.762	91	9	0.621
Increase in caries in permanent teeth ^¶	Yes	95	5	0.762	95	5	0.621

^¶ Chi-square test; ^§ Fisher’s exact test; Bold = p < 0.05