Table 3.

Multilevel logistic regression for the incidence of dental fear and anxiety.

Variables	Crude Model		Model I		Model II		Model III		Model IV		Model V
	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p	OR	p
	(IC 95%)		(IC 95%)		(IC 95%)		(IC 95%)		(IC 95%)		(IC 95%)
Parental Dental Fear
No	1	0.037	1	0.038	1	0.038	1	0.021	1	0.026	1	0.027
Yes	3.17		3.61		3.86		4.05		4.09		3.8
	(1.07–9.35)		(1.08–12.11)		(1.17–12.67)		(1.23–13.32)		(1.19–14.09)		(1.16–12.40)
Child Report of Toothache
No	1	0.019	1	0.040	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes	3.86		3.8		-		-		-		-
	(1.25–11.99)		(1.07–13.54)
Child Report of Painful Treatment
No	1	0.003	-	-	1	0.033	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes	8.12		-		5.14		-		-		-
	(2.01–32.77)				(1.14–23.10)
Dental Caries in Primary Dentition
No	1	0.040	-	-	-	-	1	0.060	-	-	-	-
Yes	3.43		-		-		3.59		-		-
	(1.06–11.11)						(0.95–13.61)
Extractions
No	1	0.036	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	0.238	-	-
Yes	5.01		-		-		-		2.64		-
	(1.11–22.56)		-		-				(0.53–13.28)
Increase in caries in primary teeth
No	1	0.029	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	0.044
Yes	3.96		-		-	-	-	-	-		3.7
	(1.15–13.64)										(1.04–13.18)

Model I—Parental fear, children toothache, and adjusted (gender, maternal education, and nationality of the child); Model II—Parental fear, painful treatment, and adjusted (gender, maternal education, and nationality of the child); Model III—Parental fear, dmfs, and adjusted (gender, maternal education, and nationality of the child); Model IV—Parental fear, extractions, and adjusted (gender, maternal education, and nationality of the child); Model V—Parental fear, increase in caries in primary teeth, and adjusted (gender, maternal education, and nationality of the child). Bold = p < 0.05