Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| Nonsmokers | Smokers | Significance level | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 22 | 21 | |
| Men/women | 11/11 | 8/13 | ns |
| Age, mean ± SD | 31.6 ± 11 (range: 18–55) | 34.5 ± 10 (range: 20–50) | ns |
| Years of education | 16.4 ± 2 | 14.1 ± 3 | t(41) = 3.1, p = .003 |
| Race C/NA/A/AA/O | 9/0/1/10/2 | 7/1/1/10/2 | ns |
| CO at screening | 1.2 ± 0.6 ppm | 16.0 ± 10 ppm | t(41) = 6.9, p < .001 |
| CO satiated | 20.3 ± 10 ppm | Satiated > withdrawn | |
| CO withdrawn | 3.7 ± 3 ppm | t(20) = 7.7, p < .001 | |
| Cigarettes per day | 14 ± 5 | ||
| Years of smoking | 16 ± 10 | ||
| FTND score | 4 ± 2 (range: 0–8) | ||
| Postscan blood pressure, heart rate | Placebo: 119 ± 17/77 ± 11, 72 ± 10 bpm | Satiated: 119 ± 12/80 ± 12, 74 ± 12 bpm | ns |
| Nicotine: 119 ± 13/75 ± 13, 72 ± 15 bpm | Withdrawn: 120 ± 16/79 ± 13, 69 ± 12 bpm |
bpm, beats per minute; C/NA/A/AA/O, Caucasian/Native American/Asian/African American/Other; CO, carbon monoxide; FTND, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; ns: nonsignificant.