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. 2019 Oct-Dec;14(4):254–263. doi: 10.4103/atm.ATM_77_19

e-Table 1.

Etiology of the pleural effusions analyzed

Etiology n (%)
Malignant PE 241 (34.1)
 Lung 113 (46.9)
 Breast 37 (15.4)
 Lymphoma 21 (8.7)
 Ovary 19 (7.9)
 Stomach 9 (3.7)
 Colon 6 (2.5)
 Kidney 3 (1.2)
 Pancreas 3 (1.2)
 Sarcoma 3 (1.2)
 Myeloma 3 (1.2)
 Mesothelioma 3 (1.2)
 Uterine 2 (0.8)
 Bladder 2 (0.8)
 Leukemia 2 (0.8)
 Esophagus 1 (0.4)
 Liver 1 (0.4)
 Larynx 1 (0.4)
 Vesicle 1 (0.4)
 Peritoneum 1 (0.4)
 Thymoma 1 (0.4)
 Prostate 1 (0.4)
 Melanoma 1 (0.4)
 Cervix 1 (0.4)
 Tumor of the yolk sac 1 (0.4)
 Unknown 5 (2.1)
Tuberculous PE 28 (4)
Infectious PE 177 (25.1)
 Noncomplicated 74 (41.8)
 Complicated 65 (36.7)
 Empyemas 38 (21.5)
Miscellaneous exudative PE 48 (6.8)
 Post-surgical 10 (20.8)
 Pulmonary embolism 7 (14.6)
 Chylothorax 7 (14.6)
 Chest trauma 7 (14.6)
 Drugs 5 (10.4)
 Hemothorax 5 (10.4)
 Viral pleuropericarditis 2 (4.2)
 Sarcoidosis 2 (4.2)
 Dressler syndrome 1 (2.1)
 Systemic sclerosis 1 (2.1)
 Unknown origin 1 (2.1)
Transudative PE 212 (30)
 Heart failure 179 (84.4)
 Liver hydrothorax 19 (9)
 Peritoneal dialysis 5 (2.3)
 Hypoalbuminemia 4 (1.9)
 Nephrotic syndrome 3 (1.4)
 Trapped lung 1 (0.5)
 Volume overload 1 (0.5)

PE: Pleural effusion