Table 4.
Factors affecting overall survival
| Univariate |
Multivariate |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p-value | HR | 95% CI | p-value | |
| Age, continuous | 1.018 | 0.953-1.086 | 0.600 | |||
| Age >0 vs. ≤70 years | 1.336 | 0.720-2.497 | 0.358 | |||
| Female vs. male | 0.578 | 0.301-1.111 | 0.100 | |||
| ECOG PS 0-1 vs. 2-4 | 1.132 | 0.609-2.104 | 0.695 | |||
| Serum creatinine ≥2 vs. <2 mg/dL | 1.935 | 0.950-3.942 | 0.069 | 2.041 | 0.998-4.172 | 0.051 |
| Serum β2 MG ≥5.5 vs. <5.5 mg/L | 2.452 | 1.036-5.803 | 0.041 | 1.950 | 0.778-4.888 | 0.154 |
| ISS | ||||||
| Stage I | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Stage II | 2.108 | 0.618-7.191 | 0.234 | 1.599 | 0.461-5.541 | 0.459 |
| Stage III | 2.897 | 0.858-9.775 | 0.087 | 2.136 | 0.605-7.540 | 0.238 |
| Frontline therapy | ||||||
| Non-bortezomib regimen | 1 | |||||
| VMP | 0.690 | 0.358-1.329 | 0.267 | |||
| Compliance to frontline tx | ||||||
| Non-bortezomib regimen | 1 | 1 | ||||
| VMP <4 cycles | 1.756 | 0.778-3.963 | 0.175 | 1.752 | 0.775-3.964 | 0.178 |
| VMP ≥4 cycles | 0.387 | 0.159-0.943 | 0.037 | 0.374 | 0.154-0.913 | 0.031 |
| Response ≥VGPR | 0.699 | 0.362-1.350 | 0.286 | |||
| Response ≥PR | 0.948 | 0.498-1.806 | 0.871 | |||
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PS, performance status; MG, microglobulin; ISS, International Staging System; VMP, bortezomib, melphalan, prednisone; VGPR, very good partial response; tx, treatment; PR, partial response.