Table 3. Inpatient and ED Utilization, Before and After Intervention, by Disease and Risk.
| Service Location | Mean (SD) No. of Visits/1000 PYs | DID (95% CI), No. of Visits/1000 PYs | P Value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 mo Before Intervention | 12 mo After Intervention | Difference | ||||||
| CHECK Group | UC Group | CHECK Group | UC Group | CHECK Group | UC Group | |||
| Entire Cohort: 3126 Participants in CHECK Group and 3119 Participants in UC Group | ||||||||
| Inpatient | 63.0 (344.4) | 69.3 (370.9) | 43.5 (297.2) | 47.8 (304.9) | −19.5 (−8.1) | −21.5 (−8.6) | 2.0 (−17.9 to 21.8) | .85 |
| ED | 961.0 (2049.7) | 959.6 (2094.7) | 768.7 (1868.6) | 825.3 (2471.8) | −192.3 (49.6) | −134.3 (58.0) | −57.9 (−166.2 to 50.4) | .29 |
| Asthma: 2098 Participants in CHECK Group and 2068 Participants in UC Group | ||||||||
| Inpatient | 58.2 (326.0) | 68.5 (377.5) | 50.0 (338.1) | 52.2 (319.8) | −8.1 (10.3) | −16.3 (10.9) | 8.2 (−16.1 to 32.4) | .51 |
| ED | 1083.9 (2206.3) | 1070.9 (2243.3) | 858.0 (2020.1) | 966.5 (2863.1) | −225.9 (65.3) | −104.5 (80.0) | −121.5 (−268.9 to 26.0) | .11 |
| Diabetes: 166 Participants in CHECK Group and 159 Participants in UC Group | ||||||||
| Inpatient | 192.8 (737.9) | 182.4 (692.2) | 144.6 (430.2) | 157.2 (413.9) | −48.2 (66.3) | −25.2 (64.0) | −23.0 (−164.8 to 118.7) | .75 |
| ED | 1397.6 (2660.3) | 1566.0 (3870.6) | 1234.9 (2162.8) | 1257.9 (2501.2) | −162.7 (266.1) | −308.2 (365.5) | 145.5 (−424.8 to 715.9) | .62 |
| Prematurity: 70 Participants in CHECK Group and 69 Participants in UC Group | ||||||||
| Inpatient | 357.1 (660.2) | 231.9 (518.6) | 57.1 (289.2) | 0 | −300.0 (86.1) | −231.9 (62.4) | −68.1 (not estimated) | NA |
| ED | 1700.0 (2515.7) | 1333.3 (2207.4) | 1328.6 (2387.9) | 884.1 (1649.7) | −371.4 (414.6) | −449.3 (331.8) | 77.9 (−738.5 to 894.2) | .85 |
| Seizure Disorder: 107 Participants in CHECK Group and 113 Participants in UC Group | ||||||||
| Inpatient | 168.2 (504.4) | 345.1 (821.3) | 84.1 (310.9) | 132.7 (559.1) | −84.1 (57.3) | −212.4 (93.5) | 128.3 (−74.3 to 330.8) | .21 |
| ED | 1579.4 (2638.7) | 2274.3 (3360.1) | 1486.0 (3103.1) | 1681.4 (3071.4) | −93.5 (393.8) | −592.9 (428.2) | 499.5 (−231.1 to 1230.0) | .18 |
| Sickle Cell: 12 Participants in CHECK Group and 21 Participants in UC Group | ||||||||
| Inpatient | 500.0 (1000.0) | 476.2 (1030.5) | 333.3 (651.3) | 47.6 (218.2) | −166.7 (344.5) | −428.6 (229.9) | 261.9 (−590.3 to 1114.1) | .55 |
| ED | 1750.0 (2094.4) | 2095.2 (3590.3) | 2333.3 (2015.1) | 5857.1 (20 823.8) | 583.3 (839.0) | 3761.9 (4611.2) | −3178.6 (−10 724.3 to 4367.2) | .41 |
| Participants With Medium and High Risk: 1286 Participants in CHECK Group and 1296 Participants in UC Group | ||||||||
| Inpatient | 153.2 (524.0) | 166.7 (561.3) | 77.0 (424.3) | 85.6 (435.4) | −76.2 (18.8) | −81.0 (19.7) | 4.8 (−40.8 to 50.4) | .84 |
| ED | 2335.9 (2646.3) | 2309.4 (2728.5) | 1329.7 (2645.3) | 1459.9 (3617.6) | −1006.2 (104.3) | −849.2 (125.9) | −156.7 (−395.3 to 81.9) | .20 |
Abbreviations: CHECK, Coordinated Healthcare for Complex Kids; DID, difference-in-differences; ED emergency department; NA, not applicable; PY, person-year; UC, usual care.