Table 3. Generalized Linear Mixed Models Contrast Results.
| Group | Contrast | Age, mo | Estimate (SE) | df | t | P Valuea | F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observed ASD Symptoms (ADOS) | |||||||
| NA | ASD vs no ASD | 18 | 0.73 (0.08) | 693 | 8.95 | <.001 | 0.34 |
| 24 | 0.78 (0.07) | 693 | 10.95 | <.001 | 0.42 | ||
| 36 | 1.16 (0.07) | 693 | 17.94 | <.001 | 0.68 | ||
| NA | Multiplex vs single | NA | 0.09 (0.06) | 693 | 1.67 | .18 | 0.06 |
| Cognitive Abilities (MSEL) | |||||||
| Single incidence | ASD vs no ASD | 6 | −6.52 (2.67) | 1304 | −2.45 | .04 | 0.07 |
| 12 | −10.15 (2.02) | 1304 | −5.04 | <.001 | 0.14 | ||
| 24 | −17.53 (2.04) | 1304 | −8.58 | <.001 | 0.24 | ||
| 36 | −25.01 (2.35) | 1304 | −10.65 | <.001 | 0.30 | ||
| Multiplex | ASD vs no ASD |
6 | 5.67 (4.30) | 1304 | 1.32 | .29 | 0.04 |
| 12 | −5.89 (3.17) | 1304 | −1.86 | .13 | 0.05 | ||
| 24 | −18.84 (3.18) | 1304 | −5.92 | <.001 | 0.16 | ||
| 36 | −21.61 (3.81) | 1304 | −5.68 | <.001 | 0.16 | ||
| No ASD | Multiplex vs single |
6 | −2.48 (2.67) | 1304 | −0.93 | .44 | 0.03 |
| 12 | −0.65 (2.05) | 1304 | −0.32 | .79 | 0.01 | ||
| 24 | −1.56 (2.11) | 1304 | −0.74 | .51 | 0.02 | ||
| 36 | −7.05 (2.47) | 1304 | −2.85 | .02 | 0.08 | ||
| ASD | Multiplex vs single |
6 | 9.71 (4.31) | 1304 | 2.26 | .05 | 0.06 |
| 12 | 3.61 (3.16) | 1304 | 1.14 | .36 | 0.03 | ||
| 24 | −2.88 (3.15) | 1304 | −0.91 | .44 | 0.03 | ||
| 36 | −3.65 (3.74) | 1304 | −0.98 | .43 | 0.03 | ||
| ASD – no ASD | Multiplex vs single |
6 | 12.20 (5.06) | 1304 | 2.41 | .04 | 0.07 |
| 12 | 4.26 (3.76) | 1304 | 1.13 | .36 | 0.03 | ||
| 24 | −1.32 (3.79) | 1304 | −0.35 | .78 | 0.01 | ||
| 36 | 3.40 (4.48) | 1304 | 0.76 | .50 | 0.02 | ||
| ASD + no ASD | Multiplex vs single |
6 | 3.61 (2.54) | 1304 | 1.43 | .26 | 0.04 |
| 12 | 1.48 (1.89) | 1304 | 0.79 | .50 | 0.02 | ||
| 24 | −2.22 (1.90) | 1304 | −1.17 | .36 | 0.03 | ||
| 36 | −5.35 (2.25) | 1304 | −2.38 | <.05 | 0.07 | ||
| Adaptive Skills (Vineland-II) | |||||||
| Single incidence | ASD vs no ASD |
12 | −7.59 (1.76) | 843 | −4.32 | <.001 | 0.15 |
| 24 | −9.82 (1.52) | 843 | −6.43 | <.001 | 0.22 | ||
| 36 | −12.05 (1.94) | 843 | −6.21 | <.001 | 0.22 | ||
| Multiplex | ASD vs no ASD |
12 | −2.62 (3.01) | 843 | −0.87 | .45 | 0.03 |
| 24 | −9.38 (2.50) | 843 | −3.75 | .001 | 0.13 | ||
| 36 | −16.14 (3.32) | 843 | −4.87 | <.001 | 0.17 | ||
| No ASD | Multiplex vs single |
12 | −4.14 (1.93) | 843 | −2.14 | .07 | 0.07 |
| 24 | −3.67 (1.61) | 843 | −2.28 | .05 | 0.08 | ||
| 36 | −3.20 (2.12) | 843 | −1.51 | .23 | 0.05 | ||
| ASD | Multiplex vs single |
12 | 0.82 (2.90) | 843 | 0.28 | .79 | 0.01 |
| 24 | −3.23 (2.45) | 843 | −1.32 | .29 | 0.05 | ||
| 36 | −7.29 (3.20) | 843 | −2.28 | .05 | 0.08 | ||
| ASD – no ASD | Multiplex vs single |
12 | 4.96 (3.49) | 843 | 1.42 | .26 | 0.05 |
| 24 | 0.44 (2.93) | 843 | 0.15 | .88 | 0.01 | ||
| 36 | −4.09 (3.84) | 843 | −1.07 | .39 | 0.04 | ||
| ASD + no ASD | Multiplex vs single |
12 | −1.65 (1.74) | 843 | −0.95 | .46 | 0.03 |
| 24 | −2.56 (1.51) | 843 | −1.69 | .18 | 0.06 | ||
| 36 | −5.25 (1.92) | 843 | −2.73 | .02 | 0.08 | ||
Abbreviations: ADOS, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; MSEL, Mullen Scales of Early Learning; NA, not applicable; Vineland-II, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition.
a
Reported P values are false discovery rate corrected.