Fig 4. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (ES) training prevents the upregulation of ROS/RNS producing proteins in DEN muscles.

Representative immunoblots illustrating the levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX2/gp91^phox), NOX4 (A, B), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and endotherial NOS (eNOS) (E, F) in whole muscle protein of gastrocnemius muscles from control (CNT), denervation (DEN), and dexamethasone (DEX) rats with or without ES training. The levels of NOX2/gp91^phox (C), NOX4 (D), nNOS (G), and eNOS (H) expression were normalized to the total protein content seen in the stain free images. Bars show the mean and SEM results from 5–9 muscles per group. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05: main effect of *treatment (i.e., DEN and DEX) and ^#ES; ^†interaction of treatment and ES; difference versus ^aCNT and ^bDEN.