Fig. 1.

There is an upper bound on the effect sizes of common schizophrenia risk variants, which becomes increasingly stringent as minor allele frequency increases. The shaded region denotes coordinate space in which schizophrenia risk loci have not been not detected (e.g for variants with minor allele frequency greater than 20%, no risk variant has an effect size greater than 1.11). The bottom of the shaded region follows the curved upper bound of effect sizes for schizophrenia risk variants. Note that point color (yellow and red) denotes the sample size used to detect the locus (approximately 80,000 and 150,000, respectively). The black arrow and asterisk represent rare ( <1%) schizophrenia risk variants with larger per-allele effects (e.g. 22q11.2 deletions)