Table 1:
Patient Demographics and Clinical Characteristics
| Baseline Characteristics – no.(%) | N=48 |
|---|---|
| Age, yearsa | 58 (29, 73) |
| Female sex | 15 (31.3) |
| BMI, kg/m2a | 24.9 (21.9, 28.4) |
| Transferred from outside hospital | 34 (70.8) |
| Type of injury | |
| Fall | 22 (45.8) |
| Motor vehicle accident | 17 (35.4) |
| Pedestrian hit by car | 3 (6.3) |
| Sports injury | 2 (4.2) |
| Gun shot wound | 2 (4.2) |
| Assault | 1 (2.1) |
| Unknown etiology | 1 (2.1) |
| TBI severity | |
| Mild TBI, GCS 13 – 15 | 12 (25) |
| Moderate TBI, GCS 9 – 12 | 7 (14.6) |
| Severe TBI, GCS < 9 | 29 (60.4) |
| GCS score at presentationa | 6.5 (4, 12.25) |
| Patient Characteristics at time of stimulant initiation – no.(%) | |
| GCS at stimulant initiationa | 9 (7,11) |
| Time from admission to stimulant initiation–daysa | 11 (8, 17) |
| Mechanical ventilation | |
| ETT | 13 (27.1) |
| Tracheostomy | 18 (37.5) |
| Opioid medication concurrent use | 20 (41.7) |
| Sedative medication concurrent use | 7 (14.6) |
| Sedating antiseizure medication concurrent use | 26 (54.2) |
| Ongoing seizure activity | 0 (0) |
| EVD/VP Shunt | 8 (16.7) |
| Hyperosmolar therapy | 2 (4.2) |
a
data presented as median (interquartile range)
BMI – body mass index; ETT – endotracheal tube; EVD – external ventricular drain; GCS – Glasgow Coma Scale; TBI – traumatic Brain Injury; VP – ventriculoperitoneal