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The predicted deformation fields overlaid on an axial slice of preoperative image (six examples). An arrow represents a 2D vector consisting of the x (R-L) and y (A-P) components of displacement at a voxel center. Green arrows show the deformation field predicted by the biomechanical model. Red arrows show the deformation field calculated by the BSpline algorithm. The number on each image denotes a particular neurosurgery case. Modified from Mostayed et al. [69].
