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Effects of metabolites on immune cells. Metabolites derived from the microbiota or host participate in complicated host-microbiota interactions. SCFAs short chain fatty acids, AMPs antimicrobial peptides, AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor, FXR farnesoid X receptor, PXR pregnane X receptor, HADC histone deacetylase, TJ tight junction, ILC3 group 3 innate lymphoid cell
