Table 2. Macroscopic findings on laparotomy, ultrasonography, and blood lactate (bLac) in nine cows with severe uterine torsion.

Uterine vascular status	Case No.	Ultrasonography		bLac (mmol/l)	Outcome
		Cross-sectional thickness of the uterus (mm)	Multiple hypoechogenic areas		Cow	Calf
No compromise	1	10	-	2.3	Survived	Viable
	2	10	-	4.2	Survived	Viable
	3	10	-	2.8	Survived	Died
Compromise	4	20	+	2.3	Survived	Died
	5	25	+	1.2	Survived	Died
Necrosis	6	15	+	5.0	Euthanized	Died
	7	25	+	5.5	Euthanized	Died
	8	25	+	1.8	Euthanized	Died
	9	25	+	23.4	Died	Died