Table 2.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics and Outcome Measures for Influenza A
| Category | Influenza A | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | IC | IS | P | |
| (n = 61) | (n = 38) | (n = 23) | ||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 62 (48–70) | 63 (46–74) | 62 (49–67) | .38 |
| Female gender, No. (%) | 24 (39.3) | 10 (26.3) | 14 (60.9) | .007 |
| Comorbidities, No. (%) | ||||
| Adipositas | 10 (16.4) | 7 (18.4) | 3 (13) | .582 |
| Diabetes | 7 (11.5) | 3 (7.9) | 4 (17.4) | .259 |
| Coronary artery disease | 11 (18) | 8 (21.1) | 3 (13) | .43 |
| Congestive heart failure | 12 (19.7) | 9 (23.7) | 3 (13) | .311 |
| COPD | 7 (11.5) | 4 (10.5) | 3 (13) | .765 |
| Asthma | 3 (4.9) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (4.3) | .873 |
| CF | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Chronic kidney disease | 13 (21.3) | 8 (21.1) | 5 (21.7) | .949 |
| Chronic renal replacement therapy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Immunosuppression, No. (%) | 23 (37.7) | 0 (0) | 23 (100) | <.001 |
| HTX | 1 (1.6) | - | 1 (4.3) | |
| LuTX | 3 (4.9) | - | 3 (13) | |
| NTX | 3 (4.9) | - | 3 (13) | |
| LTX | 0 (0) | - | 0 (0) | |
| HSCT | 5 (8.2) | - | 5 (21.7) | |
| Cancer | 7 (11.5) | - | 7 (30.4) | |
| Rheumatoid disease | 4 (6.6) | - | 4 (17.4) | |
| AIDS | 0 (0) | - | 0 (0) | |
| Steroids baseline | 10 (16.4) | 0 (0) | 10 (43.5) | <.001 |
| Steroid pulse, No. (%) | 4 (6.6) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (4.3) | .588 |
| Neuraminidase inhibitor, No. (%) | 21 (34.4) | 13 (34.2) | 8 (34.8) | .964 |
| Hospital admission, No. (%) | 51 (83.6) | 33 (86.8) | 18 (78.3) | .38 |
| ICU admission, No. (%) | 14 (23) | 13 (34.2) | 1 (4.3) | .007 |
| Invasive ventilation, No. (%) | 13 (21.3) | 12 (31.6) | 1 (4.3) | .012 |
| Norepinephrin, No. (%) | 11 (18) | 10 (26.3) | 1 (4.3) | .031 |
| Renal replacement therapy, No. (%) | 9 (14.8) | 9 (23.7) | 0 (0) | .011 |
| Antibiotic treatment, No. (%) | 29 (47.5) | 19 (50) | 10 (43.5) | .621 |
| Pneumonia, No. (%) | 29 (47.5) | 19 (50) | 10 (43.5) | .621 |
| Cardiac manifestation, No. (%) | 10 (16.4) | 9 (23.7) | 1 (4.3) | .048 |
| Aspergillus superinfection, No. (%) | 4 (6.6) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (4.3) | .588 |
| Extracorporeal life support systems, No. (%) | 5 (8.2) | 5 (13.2) | 0 (0) | .127 |
| Vv ECMO | 4 (6.6) | 4 (10.5) | 0 (0) | .107 |
| Va ECMO | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Impella | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0) | .433 |
| Mortality, No. (%) | 5 (8.2) | 5 (13.2) | 0 (0) | .074 |
| ICU mortality, No. (%) | 5 (35.7) | 5 (38.5) | 0 (0) | .497 |
Abbreviations: CF, cystic fibrosis; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HSCT, hematopoetic stem cell transplantation; HTX, heart transplantation; IC, immunocompetent patients; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; IS, immunosuppressed patients; LTX, liver transplantation; LuTx, lung transplantation; NTX, kidney transplantation; Va ECMO, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; Vv ECMO, veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Statistical significant P values are bolded.