Table 1.

Common causes of coagulopathy in critically ill

Secondary disruption of hemostasis	Deranged hemostasis		Hyperfibrinolysis2
	Deranged coagulation	Thrombocytopenia
Hypothermia (Temp <34oC) Severe acidosis (pH <7.25) Hypocalcemia (iCa++ <1 mmol/L)	Consumption		Acquired secondary
	Sepsis DIC Cardiac surgery	Sepsis DIC Extracorporeal circuits (CRRT), Enlarged spleen	Trauma Thrombolytic therapy Cardiopulmonary bypass Systemic amyloidosis Placental disorders
	Blood Loss		Acquired Primary
	Multiple trauma and major blood loss	Multiple trauma and major blood loss	End-stage liver cirrhosis Acute promyelocytic leukaemia
	Decreased generation/Drugs		Inherited secondary
	Vitamin K deficiency Vitamin K antagonists Liver disease and renal failure Hemophilia FXIII deficiency Dysfibrinogenemias Drugs: Heparin, novel oral anticoagulants, direct thrombin inhibitors, direct Xa inhibitors.	Bone marrow suppression Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency Myelosuppression Drugs: Acetaminophen, carbamazepine, hydrochlorothiazide, cimetidine, ranitidine, quinidine, quinine, bactrim, etc	Hemophilia FXIII deficiency Dysfibrinogenemias