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Catalytic cycle of GPX. The selenol of Sec first reduces oxidants resulting in a selenenic acid intermediate, which is then reduced by one equivalent of GSH forming the GPX-Sec-glutathione adduct. A second equivalent of GSH regenerates the enzyme by restoring the reduced selenol, forming oxidized glutathione (GSSG) as a byproduct. GSSG is then reduced by glutathione reductase (GR) in the presence of NADPH.
