Table 4.

Odds of head or neck injuries sustained by pedestrians

	β	SD	OR	95% CI	P value
Pedestrian gender
Male	0.165	0.055	1.18	1.06–1.31	0.003
Female	Ref
Driver sex
Male	0.181	0.063	1.20	1.06–1.36	0.004
Female	Ref
Pedestrian age
≥ 65	0.265	0.108	1.30	1.05–1.61	0.015
41–64	−0.012	0.109	0.99	0.80–1.22	0.911
19–40	−0.509	0.122	0.60	0.47–0.76	< 0.001
< 18y	Ref
Driver age
≥ 65	Ref
41–64	0.255	0.122	1.30	1.02–1.64	0.037
19–40	0.258	0.119	1.30	1.03–1.64	0.030
< 18y	0.405	0.176	1.50	1.06–2.12	0.027
Walking direction
Back to traffic	0.231	0.104	1.26	1.03–1.54	0.026
Facing traffic	Ref
Location
Rural	0.174	0.078	1.19	1.03–1.38	0.021
Urban	Ref
Drivers alcohol use
Alcohol use	0.191	0.087	1.21	1.02–1.43	0.028
Alcohol non-use	Ref
Light condition
Dark unlit	0.461	0.122	1.59	1.25–2.01	< 0.001
Dark lit	0.119	0.084	1.13	0.96–1.33	0.115
Daylight	Ref
Crash partner
Large vehicle	0.710	0.087	2.03	1.72–2.41	< 0.001
Car	−0.400	0.070	0.67	0.59–0.77	< 0.001
Motorcycle	Ref
Sight distance
Limited	0.215	0.101	1.24	1.02–1.51	0.034
Adequate	Ref
Weather
Adverse	0.148	0.071	1.16	1.01–1.33	0.037
Fine	Ref
Time of crash
Midnight hour	0.387	0.104	1.47	1.20–1.81	< 0.001
Evening hour	0.133	0.106	1.14	0.93–1.41	0.210
Rush hour	0.123	0.083	1.13	0.96–1.33	0.139
Nonrush hour	Ref