Table 1.
TRP summary table.
| TRP | Subgroup$ | Activation | Subcellular distribution# | Genetic phenotypes | Human disease/Drug target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C1 | PM | ↓ Salivation | |||
| C2 | S, M | Pheromones, DAG | PM | ↓ Pheromone detection | |
| C3 | M | GPCR-PLC, DAG | PM, Secretory vesicles, Mitochondria | Ataxia; motor coordination defects | |
| C4 | M | GPCR-PLC, Englerin A | PM, Secretory vesicles | Impaired vascular function | |
| C5 | S, M | GPCR-PLC, Cool25–37 °C, Englerin A | PM, Secretory vesicles | ↓ Anxiety behaviors | |
| C6 | S, M | GPCR-PLC, DAG | PM | ↑ Arterial contractility | FSGS (GOF) |
| C7 | S, M | GPCR-PLC, DAG | PM | ↓ Non-image forming photoreception | |
| V1 | S, M, O | Heat>42 °C, H+, Vanolloids, DkTx | PM, ER, Mitochondria | ↓ nociception; ↓ thermal hyperalgesia; ↓ bladder function | Analgesia (clinical trial) |
| V2 | S, O | Heat>52 °C, 2-APB | PM, EE (?) | Susceptibility to bacterial infection | |
| V3 | S | Warm30–35 °C, 2-APB, Carvacrol, Incensole | LELs (?), PM | Abnormal hair morpho-genesis; compromised skin barrier | Olmsted syndrome (GOF) |
| V4 | S | Hypotonicity, Warm24–38°C, 4α-PDD | PM | ↑ Bone density, altered urinary function | CMT type 2C, skeletal dysplasias (GOF); pulmonary edema (clinical trial) |
| V5 | PM, Secretory vesicles | ↓ Renal Ca2+ absorption; hypercalciuria; kidney stones | |||
| V6 | PM, Secretory vesicles | Defective intestinal Ca2+ absorption; osteopenia; infertility | |||
| A1 | S, M, O | ROS, 4-HNE, AITC | PM, LELs | Defective chemosensation | Familial episodic pain syndrome (GOF); chronic pain (clinical trial) |
| M1 | M, O | Melanosomes | Impaired vision | Congenital stationary night blindness | |
| M2 | S, O | ROS, Warm>35 °C, ADPR | PM, LELs | ↓ Inflammation response | |
| M3 | S | Heat>40 °C, PS, Sphingolipids | PM | Defective thermosensation | |
| M4 | S, M | Tastants, Ca2+ | PM | Defective gustation | Brugada syndrome; familial heart block 1 (GOF) |
| M5 | S, M | Tastants, Heat>35 °C, Ca2+ | PM | Defective gustation | |
| M6 | O (?) | PM, M7-like vesicles (?) | Embryonic lethal | Heritable hypomagnesaemia | |
| M7 | O | ROS | PM, M7-like vesicles | Embryonic lethal | |
| M8 | S, O | Cool<25 °C, Menthol, Icilin | PM, ER | Defective cold sensation | Analgesia (clinical trial) |
| ML1 | O | PI(3,5)P2, ROS, ML-SAs, SF51, Mk-683 | LELs, TVs | Neuro- and retinal degeneration, muscle dystrophy, hypochlorhydria | Mucolipidosis type IV |
| ML2 | O | PI(3,5)P2, ROS, ML-SAs | Recycling endosomes, LELs | Impaired innate immune responses | |
| ML3 | O | PI(3,5)P2, ML-SAs, SFs | Early endosomes, LELs | Varitint-Waddler (GOF) | |
| P1 | O | Cilia, ER | Embryonic lethal | ADPKD | |
| P2 | O | Calmidazolium | Cilia | Renal, retinal, and intestinal defects. | |
| P3 | O | Cilia |
Abbreviations: 4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal; 4α-PDD, 4α-phorbol 12–13-didecanoate; ADPKD, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; ADPR, cyclic ADP ribose; AITC, allyl isothiocyanate; DkTx, double-knot toxin; DVT, decavanadate; FSGS, familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; GPCR, G-protein coupled receptor; IC, intracellular; ML-SA, mucolipin synthetic agonist; ML-SI, mucolipin synthetic inhibitor; LEL, late endosome and lysosome; PM, plasma membrane; PS, pregnenolone sulfate; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TV, tubulovesicles.
$
S, sensory TRPs, M, metabotripic TRPs, O, organellar TRPs.