Fig. 6.

Intracellular recordings from an ELM during sneezing and the aspiration reflex. A, B, and C were recorded during eupnea, stimulation of the nasal mucosa, and stimulation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, respectively. B, Fictive sneezing is identified by simultaneous burst activities of the abdominal and lat-XII nerves after phrenic activation during nasal stimulation. This neuron hyperpolarized during the inspiratory phase of sneezing (SN1) and then depolarized abruptly at the I–E transition (SN2). Subsequently, the neuron repolarized sharply during the latter part of the abdominal burst (SN3). C, Fictive aspiration reflex, identified by burst activities of the phrenic and lat-XII nerves (see also Fig. 8). This neuron hyperpolarized abruptly during the phrenic burst. Presumptive resting potentials of this ELM was measured at the arrow.