Fig. 6.

The protective effects of osthole on TMX-induced hepatotoxicity were independent of the cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG pathways. a, b Mice were intraperitoneally injected with osthole (100 mg/kg). After 24 h, TMX (90 mg/kg) was administered to mice. Mice were sacrificed 8 h after the TMX injection. Hepatic cAMP and cGMP levels were determined. c, d H89 (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into mice 1 h prior to the TMX injection. Serum ALT and AST activities were measured 8 h after the TMX injection. e, f KT5823 (25 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into mice 1 h prior to the TMX injection. Serum ALT and AST activities were measured 8 h after the TMX injection. g–i Hepatic mRNA levels of genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism were quantified using real-time RT-PCR at 8 h after the TMX injection. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM, n = 4–6 mice per group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared to the control, ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 compared to TMX