Fig. 2.

—Plastid coding capacities of Parasitaxus and other heterotrophic land plants. The presence and absence of plastid genes across all currently studied plastomes of heterotrophic plants compiled by Wicke and Naumann (2018) and all data published since (full list of included data: supplementary table S4, Supplementary Material online) is depicted for all plastid gene classes. Not included here are the chl genes, which have been lost ancestrally in angiosperms, unrelated to heterotrophy (Wicke et al. 2011). Parasitaxus is highlighted in blue. Offwhite and light gray indicate the presence of specific genes as intact or pseudogene, whereas the absence of a gene from a plastome is marked in dark gray. Heterotrophic plant species are sorted by decreasing plastome size (from top to bottom).