Skip to main content
. 2019 Oct 10;17(10):e3000427. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000427

Fig 4. Tissue-level modelling of trap development through areal conflict resolution.

Fig 4

Specified growth is isotropic in all cases. Initial spherical canvas is shown from side and front in the left two columns. Resultant shapes from side, front, and top are shown in right three columns, with experimentally observed circumferences (red, orange, cyan) superimposed in E, J, and N to allow comparison between model and data. (A–F) Growth promoted along sagittal circumference by MID, yielding oblate spheroid. (A) Initial canvas sphere clipped to show MID domain (red). Canvas wall thickness = 30 μm. (B) Initial canvas unclipped, showing MID domain. (C) Initial canvas showing specified areal growth rate promoted by MID (note darker orange in MID region). (D) Mature trap clipped views shown in Fig 2E–2G, with shapes fitted to circumference in each plane: sagittal, red; frontal, orange; and transverse, cyan. (E) Resultant canvas shape (oblate spheroid) showing MID domain, with mature trap shape outlines fitted. (F) Resultant canvas shape with major orientations of resultant growth shown as lines. Lines are oriented perpendicular to the MID (sagittal) circumference. (G–J) Growth promoted by MID and inhibited by STK. (G) Initial canvas showing STK domain (green) as well as MID. (H) Initial canvas showing specified areal growth rate promoted by MID and inhibited by STK (note white area at the ‘South Pole’). (I) Resultant canvas shape showing indentation in STK region. (J) Midsection clipped views of into resultant shape. (K–N) Growth promoted by MID and VEN and inhibited by STK. (K) Initial canvas showing VEN domain (magenta) as well as MID and STK. (L) Initial canvas showing specified areal growth rate promoted by MID and VEN and inhibited by STK (note darker orange in VEN domain). (M) Resultant canvas shape showing ventral bulge. (N) Midsections of resultant canvas, with bulge highlighted in the side view (sagittal section). Models: http://cmpdartsvr3.cmp.uea.ac.uk/wiki/BanghamLab/index.php/Software and https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8966153.v1, Models.7z archive. MID, Midline factor; STK, Stalk factor; VEN, Ventral factor.