Figure 2.

DO in a subset of LTCs. A, Moving patterns (1° texels) at a constant orientation were presented (full screen) to the dragonfly while recording from wide-field motion-sensitive neurons. The pattern was gyrated (translated in a constantly changing direction) twice in a clockwise circle (not rotated) and then twice counterclockwise at 50°/s. B, An example of spiking activity in response to the stimulus shows a periodicity corresponding to the texel pattern's direction of motion. C, The derived inverse interspike interval is fitted with a sinusoidal curve for both a clockwise (top) and counterclockwise (bottom) texel gyration. These curve fits provide both the peak response phase (i.e., preferred direction) and response strength at the preferred and antipreferred direction used to calculate the neuron's DO. D, Each point indicates the neuron's preferred direction and DO, revealing preferences for four directions (left, right, upward, downward). E, Histogram represents the direction selectivity of all wide-field motion-sensitive neurons. We further investigated neurons with strong LPTC-like direction opponency (DO >0.75).