Zucchelli 2002.
| Methods | 1‐year follow‐up parallel‐group study including 3 groups with 90 patients in total. No drop outs at 1 year. | |
| Participants | Patients in good general health and motivated for good oral hygiene. Teeth with PPD greater or equal to 7 mm and IBD greater or equal to 3 mm. Heavy smokers (more than 20 cigarettes per day) were excluded. No antibiotics in the previous 6 months. Age ranging between 39 and 57; 30 males and 61 females. Patients were recruited from 1 university dental clinic and several private practices. | |
| Interventions | Emdogain versus GTR with Gore‐Tex titanium‐reinforced non‐resorbable barriers versus flap surgery. | |
| Outcomes | FMPS and FMBS. For experimental teeth only: PAL, PPD, REC at baseline and 1 year. Tooth loss and postoperative infections. Additional intrasurgical measurements were taken. 1‐year data used. | |
| Notes | ||
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Quote: "Before surgery, assignment to the 3 treatment regimens (30 patients/group) was performed using a custom‐made program based on balanced permuted blocks". |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Author informed us that allocation to intervention group was concealed, but did not explain how. |
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Quote: "A single investigator blinded with respect to the treatments, performed the clinical measurements at baseline and at 1 year". |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Outcome data are presented in Table 2: Clinical parameters at 1 year. Comment: No missing data. No drop outs. |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | All pre‐specified outcomes are reported in Table 2: Clinical parameters at 1 year. Postoperative infections are reported in Early Healing Event part of the Results section of the paper. No teeth were extracted. Aesthetics and changes in bone level were not evaluated. |
| Other bias | Low risk | No other source of bias can be identified. |
BOP = bleeding on probing FMBS = full mouth bleeding score FMPS = full mouth plaque score GTR = guided tissue regeneration IBD = intrabony depth PAL = probing attachment level PPD = probing pocket depth REC = gingival recession