Table 2.
Comorbidities
|
Overall (n = 2113) |
Warfarin (n = 725) |
DOAC (n = 1118) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke/TIA | 196 (9.3%) | 82 (11%) | 106 (10%) | .208 |
| Heart failure | 463 (22%) | 244 (34%) | 193 (17%) | <.001 |
| EF < 35% | 110 (5.2%) | 73 (10%) | 34 (3%) | <.001 |
| Valvular disease | 284 (13%) | 180 (25%) | 86 (8%) | <.001 |
| Aortic regurgitation | 77 (3.6%) | 44 (6%) | 25 (2%) | <.001 |
| Mitral regurgitation | 173 (8.2%) | 106 (15%) | 57 (5%) | <.001 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation | 63 (3.0%) | 47 (6%) | 12 (1%) | <.001 |
| Aortic stenosis | 40 (1.9%) | 27 (4%) | 7 (0.6%) | <.001 |
| Mitral stenosis | 28 (1.3%) | 26 (4%) | 2 (0.2%) | <.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 153 (7.2%) | 75 (10%) | 66 (6%) | .001 |
| Cardiomyopathy | 178 (8.4%) | 84 (12%) | 83 (7%) | .003 |
| Vascular disease | 130 (6.2%) | 53 (7%) | 66 (6%) | .245 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 328 (16%) | 133 (18%) | 163 (15%) | .032 |
| Hypertension | 1,208 (57%) | 423 (58%) | 663 (59%) | .698 |
| Renal disease | 242 (11%) | 137 (19%) | 77 (7%) | <.001 |
| Hemodialysis | 11 (0.5%) | 4 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | .024 |
| Liver disease | 31 (1.5%) | 6 (0.8%) | 22 (2%) | .053 |
| Dementia | 56 (2.7%) | 28 (4%) | 22 (2%) | .009 |
| History of open‐heart surgery | 211 (10%) | 133 (18%) | 64 (6%) | <.001 |
| History of CABG | 35 (1.7%) | 23 (3%) | 9 (0.8%) | <.001 |
| History of PCI | 116 (5.5%) | 55 (8%) | 54 (5%) | .015 |
| History of CA for AF | 614 (29%) | 163 (22%) | 277 (25%) | .264 |
| Pacemaker implantation | 114 (5.4%) | 66 (0.8%) | 40 (4%) | <.001 |
| CHADS2 score | 1.5 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 1.2 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | <.001 |
| CHA2DS2‐VASc score | 2.6 ± 1.6 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 2.5 ± 1.5 | <.001 |
| HAS‐BLED score | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 1.6 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | <.001 |
Values are presented as the n (%). Vascular disease indicates patients with a prior myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, or aortic plaque. Renal disease indicates the patients with hemodialysis, transplantations, or abnormalities of the creatinine level of >2.26 mg/dL or >200 μmol/L. Liver disease indicates patients with cirrhosis or a bilirubin level > 2×normal with an AST/ALT/AP >3 × normal.
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CABG, coronary arterial bypass grafting; EF, ejection fraction; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.