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. 2019 Oct 10;9:14511. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50962-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Model for miRNA- and tasiARF-mediated regulation during maize callus induction. (a) miRNA and tasiARF nodes shaping developmental transitions and cell totipotency maintenance. (b) miRNA nodes impacting cell proliferation. (c) miRNA nodes for auxin signaling. The cellular processes affected by miRNA and tasiARF regulation are depicted according to studies developed mainly in Arabidopsis thaliana and maize^39,64. Arrows indicate positive and T-shape negative regulation. The broken arrows represent suggestive or speculative relationships for maize. The expression pattern of sRNAs and their targets during C15, C23 and CM induction is based on the results provided by this work and is represented colored squares as explained in the box. Gene name designations close to the squares refer to different maize transcripts corresponding to the same family in the model (ZmSBP20, 22), whereas those within the pathways are referenced to Arabidopsis thaliana orthologous genes (i.e. AFB3).