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. 2019 Oct 10;9:14563. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50953-z

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Visual representation of increasing spatial scale along two main axes – total extent and grain size. Percent forest is characterized at 4 extents and 4 grain sizes in an area around the middle of the giant panda range, with giant panda presence cells depicted with a hatch pattern. The red squares in rows 2 to 4 indicate the previous total extent shown in the previous row. Note: these are not the total extents examined in this study, they are purely a visual demonstration of the effects of changing spatial scale on environmental and presence data.