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. 2019 Oct 10;9:14662. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49651-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Appearance and occurrence of CAMAs in the coral Acropora hyacinthus. (a) Numerous CAMAs (indicated by arrows) are visible in a histological section stained by hematoxylin and eosin of a colony from Sesoko, Japan. In the panel, small photo shows close-up of a CAMA located in a mesentery of a polyp. (b) Right panel shows two of CAMAs (red) distributed with Symbiodiniaceae (green) in the tentacle (coral tissue: blue) of a sample from the Inner Shelf, GBR using FISH. (c,d) Pie diagrams showing the proportion of colonies sampled that contained CAMAs at five sites in Japan and Australia based on the detections of (c) HE stain and (d) FISH. (c) A significantly higher proportion of Sesoko Is. samples contained CAMAs (including basophilic and eosinophilic) than samples collected from other sites (Lizard Is., Outer Shelf northern GBR site, and Orpheus Is). (d) In the FISH experiment, both proportions of CAMA in samples from Sesoko Is. and Inner Shelf were also significantly higher than in samples from other three sites (**p < 0001; Fisher’s exact test followed by a Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate correction). Scale bars indicate 600 µm (a), 50 µm (small panel in a) and 100 µm (b).