Table 1.
References | Subjects | Variables | Exercise protocol | Intensity or frequency of training/duration of study | Exercise volume | Interval |
PADE
(mmHg) |
BFR between sets |
SW
(cm) |
Results | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EX | FE | SE | Sets or continuous | Repetitions or duration time | |||||||||
Abe et al., 2010b | 19 Elderly men and women | VO2max | WALK | TREADMILL | 67 m/min | 5× week/6 weeks | Continuous | 20 min | - | 200 | – | 5.0 | No improvement in VO2Max in the groups |
Abe et al., 2010a | 19 Adult men | VO2max | CYC | CYCLE | – | 40% VO2 with and without BFR 1× day/3× week - 8 weeks | Continuous | 15 min with BFR 45 min without BFR |
– | 160–210 | – | 5.0 | ↑ VO2Max in cycling with BFR |
Park et al., 2010 | 12 Basketball players | VO2max
VEMax |
WALK | TREADMILL | 4–6 km/h | 2× day/6× week 2 weeks |
5 Series | 3 min | 1 min | 160–230 | Yes | – | ↑VEmax and VO2max in training protocol with BFR |
Ozaki et al., 2011 | 10 Men | VO2 (L/min) | CYC | CYCLE | 70 rpm | 20–40–60% VO2max with and without BFR | Continuous | 4 min each stage | – | 200 | Yes | 5.0 | ↑VO2 between 20 and 60% in the session with BFR |
Loenneke et al., 2011 | 10 Men and women | EE and VO2 (L/min) | WALK | TREADMILL | 75 m/min | AE + BFR AE |
5 sets | 2 min | 1 min | Elastic | Yes | 7.6 | ↑VO2 and EE in the exercise session with BFR |
Loenneke et al., 2012 | 9 Men and women | [La+] | WALK | TREADMILL | 75 m/min | AE + BFR AE |
5 sets | 2 min | 1 min | Elastic | Yes | 7.6 | WALKING+BFR does not change metabolic stress |
Mendonca et al., 2014 | 18 Healthy men | Energy expenditure | WALK | TREADMILL | – | <30%VO2max | 5 sets | 3 min | 1 min | 200 | Yes | 6 × 83 | Energy expenditure > for walking with BFR |
Corvino et al., 2014 | 13 Active subjects | TTE | CYC | CYCLE | – | 30% Pmax + BFR 30% Pmax |
2 Set | 5–8 Repetitions | 1 min | 140–200 | Yes | 18 | ↑ in TTE for walking with BFR |
Mendonca et al., 2015 | 17 Young men | EPOC | WALK | TREADMILL | – | <30%VO2Max | 5 Sets | 3 min | 1 min | 200 | Yes | 6 × 83 | EPOC> in exercise session with BFR |
de Oliveira et al., 2015 | 37 Subjects | Pmax. PALS, VO2Max | CYC | CYCLE | – | 30% Pmax + BFR110% Pmax30% Pmax110%-30% Pmax +BFR3x week/4 weeks | 2 Sets | 5–8 Repetitions | 5 min | 140–200 | Yes | 18 | ↑VO2Max and Pmax and improvement in PALS for the LI with BFR protocol |
Karabulut and Garcia, 2015 | 34 Obese men and women | EE, RER | CYC | CYCLE | 50 rpm | 40%+BFR 60%+BFR Without BFR 50 Watts |
2 Sets | 10 min | 1 min | 40% 60% |
Yes | 5.0 | ↑ EE and RER > in the BFR protocol |
Taylor et al., 2016 | 20 Trained men | VO2Max | RUN | TREADMILL | – | SIT + BFR SIT 2× week/4 weeks |
4, 5, 6. and 7 sprints | 30 s | 270 s | 130 post-exercise | No | 6 × 83 | ↑VO2Max for the protocol with BFR |
Kim et al., 2016 | 31 Trained young men |
VO2Max | CYC | BICYCLE | – | 3× week/6 weeks | Continuous | 20 min | – | 160–180 | Yes | 5.0 | VO2MAX did not increase in the LI group. |
Corvino et al., 2016 | 12 Men | VO2, [La], VE | CYC | CYCLE | – | HI IBFR30 CBFR30 CON30 IBFR0 |
2 Sets with 5 reps Continuous |
2 35 min |
1 | 80% | No | 18 | ↑ metabolic strain and muscle deoxigenation in protocol I-BFR30 |
Paton et al., 2017 | 10 men 6 women | RE, TTE and PRV | RUN | TREADMILL | 80%PRV | AE + BFRCON 2× week/4 weeks | 2 Sets | 5 repetitions | 30 sec | Elastic | Yes | 7–10 | ↑ RE, TTE and PRV in protocol with BFR |
Conceição et al., 2018 | 12 Men | TEE, ALM, AM, VE | CYC | CYCLE | 60–70 rpm | 40% VO2Max + BFR 40% VO2Max |
Continuous | 30 min | – | 80% | No | 18 | ↑ metabolic anaerobic, aerobic, total energy expenditure and Ventilation in protocol AE + BFR |
Thomas et al., 2018 | 18 Men | VO2 and [La] | CYC | CYCLE | – | HI 85%Pmax LI 40% LI + BFR |
3 Sets | 2 min | 2 min active | 80% | Yes | 10 | ↑VO2, [La] in protocol HI > LI+BFR and LI. VO2, [La] in protocol LI+BFR > LI |
Tanaka and Takarada, 2018 | 30 Elderly men | VO2Max | CYC | CYCLE | – | 40–70%VO2Max + BFR 3× week/6 months |
Continuous | 15 min | – | 40–80 mmhg ↑ SBP | No | 9 × 7 | ↑ VO2Max in protocol AE + BFR |
Silva et al., 2019 | 22 Men | VO2 | RUN WALK |
TREADMILL | – | HIIE AE + BFR AE |
6 Sets Continuous |
90 s 18 min |
90 s active | 50% | No | 18 | ↑VO2 in protocol HIIE But, VO2 in protocol AE + BFR > AE |
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 | 24 Men | EE | WALK | TREADMILL | – | 40% Maximal Speed | 5 Sets | 2 min | 1 min | 0 50% 80% 100% |
Yes | 18 | ↑EE in protocol walk with 50% BFR |
BFR, blood flow restriction; VO2Max, maximum oxygen consumption; VEMAX, Maximum ventilation; PMAX, maximum power; EPOC, excessive post-exercise oxygen consumption; EE, energy expenditure; TEE, total energy expenditure; ALM, Anaerobic Lactic Metabolism; RE, running economy; TTE, time to exhaustion; AM, Aerobic Metabolism; VE, Ventilation; PRV, peak running velocity; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; OBLA, onset blood lactate accumulation; EX, exercise; FE, form of execution; SE, speed of execution; WALK, walking; CYC, cycling; RUN, running; CYCLE, cycle ergometer; min, minutes; s, seconds; CON, Control; PADE, pressure applied during the exercise; SW, sleeve width; –, Not informed; ↑, significant increase; LI + BFR, low intensity combined with blood flow restriction; LI, low intensity; HI, high intensity; HIIE, high intensity interval exercise; IBFR30, intermittent blood flow restriction; CBFR, continuous blood flow restriction.