Table 3.
Comparisons between the hybrid device and universal goniometer for measurement of craniocervical ranges.
| First Rater First Evaluation in Degrees by the Hybrid Device (95% CI) | First Rater First Evaluation in Degrees by the Universal Goniometer (95% CI) | Between-Device Mean Difference in Degrees (95% CI) | p Value | Correlation Coefficient r Value (95% CI) | p Value | Coefficient of Repeatability (Degrees) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flexion | 41.80 (37.70 to 45.90) |
41.58 (37.47 to 45.88) |
0.12 (−0.92 to 1.16) |
0.815 | 0.968 (0.941 to 0.983) |
<0.001 * | 6.428 |
| Extension | 51.48 (47.56 to 55.40) |
51.58 (47.67 to 55.49) |
−0.09 (−1.05 to 0.86) |
0.838 | 0.969 (0.944 to 0.984) |
<0.001 * | 5.888 |
| Side-bending to Right | 34.51 (32.78 to 36.23) |
34.53 (32.51 to 32.56) |
−0.02 (−0.73 to 0.68) |
0.944 | 0.941 (0.892 to 0.968) |
<0.001 * | 4.399 |
| Side-bending to Left | 31.34 (29.48 to 33.19) |
30.58 (28.73 to 32.43) |
0.75 (0.00 to 1.50) |
0.047 * | 0.918 (0.852 to 0.956) |
<0.001 * | 4.810 |
| Rotating to Right | 50.80 (48.16 to 53.44) |
52.17 (49.52 to 54.81) |
−1.36 (−2.37 to −0.36) |
0.009 * | 0.927 (0.867 to 0.961) |
<0.001 * | 6.720 |
| Rotating to Left | 47.82 (45.51 to 50.14) |
49.51 (47.32 to 51.70) |
−1.68 (−2.58 to −0.78) |
0.000 * | 0.921 (0.857 to 0.957) |
<0.001 * | 6.428 |
Note: * indicates p < 0.05.