Table 3.
Cardiovascular parameters in South Asians
| T2D (n = 33) | Controls (n = 21) | |
|---|---|---|
| LV diastolic function | ||
| E, mL/s | 339 ± 109 | 333 ± 67 |
| A, mL/s | 302 ± 64* | 242 ± 54 |
| E/A ratio | 1.15 ± 0.37* | 1.42 ± 0.36 |
| E dec peak, mL/s2 ×10−3 | − 2.9 ± 1.2 | − 3.2 ± 0.7 |
| Ea, cm/s | 5.9 ± 2.0 | 6.8 ± 1.9 |
| Estimate of LV filling pressure, mmHg | 6.9 ± 3.0* | 5.0 ± 1.6 |
| Estimate of LV compliance, mL/mmHg | 20.5 ± 9.0 | 24.0 ± 7.7 |
| GLSR-E, 1/s | 0.88 ± 0.22 | 0.98 ± 0.16 |
| GCSR-E, 1/s | 1.32 ± 0.34 | 1.31 ± 0.24 |
| LV systolic function | ||
| Ejection fraction, % | 58 ± 6 | 60 ± 5 |
| GLS, % | − 20.4 ± 2.8 | − 21.7 ± 1.7 |
| GCS, % | − 27.6 ± 4.3 | − 27.6 ± 3.4 |
| Hemodynamics | ||
| Stroke volume, mL | 70 ± 14 | 66 ± 12 |
| Cardiac output, L/min | 4.8 ± 1.0* | 4.0 ± 0.7 |
| Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 2.3 ± 0.3 |
| Aortic stiffness | ||
| Aortic pulse wave velocity, m/s | 7.9 ± 2.0* | 6.5 ± 1.1 |
| LV structure | ||
| End-diastolic volume, mL | 123 ± 25 | 110 ± 19 |
| Mass, g | 93 ± 20* | 66 ± 15 |
| Concentricity, g/mL | 0.77 ± 0.14* | 0.60 ± 0.10 |
| Myocardial tissue characteristics | ||
| Myocardial Tg content, % | 0.93 ± 0.54 | 0.84 ± 0.43 |
| Native T1, ms | 1255 ± 37 | 1263 ± 42 |
| Extracellular volume fraction, % | 26.2 ± 3.0* | 28.2 ± 2.6 |
| Extracellular volume, mL | 23 ± 5* | 18 ± 4 |
| Cell volume, mL | 66 ± 16* | 45 ± 11 |
Mean ± SD. * P < 0.05 vs. controls. Missing values in the T2D group: n = 1 native T1 and extracellular volume, cell volume, fibrosis volume; in the control group: n = 1 for myocardial Tg content. For abbreviations see Table 2