a,
Per1Venus MFI analysis of lamina propria ILC3 after dexamethasone administration. n= 3. b, Percentage and cell numbers of small intestine ILC3. n=3. c, Percentage of lamina propria CCR6-NCR-, CCR6+ (LTi-like), and NCR+ ILC3 subsets. n=3. d, Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expressing neurons (red) and RET positive ILC3 (green) in cryptopatches. Scale bars: 40 μm. Representative of 3 independent analyses. e, Normalized expression of Adrb1, Adrb2 and Adrb3 in CCR6-NCR-, CCR6+, and NCR+ ILC3 subsets. f, Percentage and cell numbers of gut ILC3 in Adrb2ΔIl7ra mice and their littermate controls. n=6. g, Percentage of lamina propria CCR6-NCR-, CCR6+ (LTi-like), and NCR+ ILC3 subsets in Adrb2ΔIl7ra mice and their littermate controls. n=6. h, Percentage and cell numbers of gut ILC3 in Adrb2ΔRorgt mice and their littermate controls. Adrb2fl n=3; Adrb2ΔRorgt n=4. i, Percentage of lamina propria CCR6-NCR-, CCR6+ (LTi-like), and NCR+ ILC3 subsets in Adrb2ΔRorgt mice and their littermate controls. Adrb2fl n=3; Adrb2ΔRorgt n=4. j, light cues and brain-tuned circuits shape gut ILC3 homeostasis. Arrhythmic ILC3 impact intestinal homeostasis, epithelial reactivity, microbiota, enteric defence, and the host lipid metabolism. Thus, ILC3 integrate local and systemic entraining cues in a distinct hierarchic manner, establishing an organismal circuitry that is an essential link between diurnal light signals, brain cues, intestinal ILC3 and host homeostasis. (a-d,f-i) n represents biologically independent animals. (a) White: light period; Grey: dark period. Mean and error bars: s.e.m.. (a) two-way ANOVA and Sidak’s test. (b,c,f-i) two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test. *P<0.05; ***P<0.001; ns not significant.