Table 3.
Subgroup Analyses of Intervention Effects on FIT Completion by Sociodemographic Characteristics
| Characteristic | Screened Within 6 mo, No./Total No. (%) | Adjusted Differences Between Groups | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mail Only | Mail and Incentivea | Difference for Mail and Incentive vs Mail Only (95% CI) | P Valueb | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 77/107 (72.0) | 142/185 (76.8) | 4.5 (−5.8 to 14.8) | .61 |
| Female | 111/177 (62.7) | 260/369 (70.5) | 9.0 (0.8 to 17.1) | |
| Age, y | ||||
| <60 | 100/147 (68.0) | 209/288 (72.6) | 4.6 (−3.8 to 13.0) | .59 |
| ≥60 | 88/137 (64.2) | 193/266 (72.6) | 9.1 (−0.3 to 18.5) | |
| Hispanic ethnicity | ||||
| No | 170/254 (66.9) | 347/477 (72.7) | 7.1 (0.4 to 13.8) | .43 |
| Yes | 16/28 (57.1) | 54/73 (74.0) | 16.7 (−5.5 to 38.8) | |
| Race | ||||
| White | 96/139 (69.1) | 214/294 (72.8) | 5.0 (−4.0 to 13.9) | .68 |
| Black | 28/46 (60.9) | 58/78 (74.4) | 14.8 (−1.7 to 31.3) | |
| Asian | 48/76 (63.2) | 95/132 (72.0) | 10.5 (−2.3 to 23.3) | |
| Other | 15/22 (68.2) | 30/43 (69.8) | 1.0 (−21.1 to 23.1) | |
| Literacyc | ||||
| Never, rarely | 166/246 (67.5) | 345/465 (74.2) | 7.6 (0.7 to 14.5) | .81 |
| Sometimes, often, or always | 18/34 (52.9) | 49/76 (64.5) | 10.9 (−8.0 to 29.8) | |
| Medicaid | ||||
| No | 182/270 (67.4) | 365/509 (71.7) | 5.6 (−0.9 to 12.2) | .03 |
| Yes | 6/14 (42.9) | 37/45 (82.2) | 37.7 (11.0 to 64.3) | |
| Annual household income | ||||
| <$50 000 | 58/99 (58.6) | 137/193 (71.0) | 13.2 (2.4 to 24.0) | .32 |
| ≥$50 000 | 113/164 (68.9) | 234/315 (74.3) | 5.6 (−2.9 to 14.1) | |
| Educational level | ||||
| Less than high school | 27/41 (65.9) | 67/94 (71.3) | 6.2 (−8.4 to 20.7) | .16 |
| Some college | 50/90 (55.6) | 131/181 (72.4) | 16.7 (4.8 to 28.6) | |
| College degree or higher | 105/145 (72.4) | 192/261 (73.6) | 1.7 (−7.3 to 10.7) | |
| Prior completion of colorectal cancer screening | ||||
| No | 38/76 (50.0) | 81/152 (53.3) | 3.8 (−9.4 to 16.9) | .34 |
| Yes | 150/208 (72.1) | 321/402 (79.9) | 8.4 (1.4 to 15.4) | |
| BMI | ||||
| <25 | 52/80 (65.0) | 121/157 (77.1) | 13.1 (0.8 to 25.3) | .48 |
| 25 to <35 | 104/151 (68.9) | 215/294 (73.1) | 5.8 (−2.9 to 14.4) | |
| ≥35 | 30/47 (63.8) | 59/91 (64.8) | 2.9 (−13.2 to 19.0) | |
| Current tobacco use | ||||
| No | 174/260 (66.9) | 362/492 (73.6) | 8.1 (1.3 to 14.9) | .90 |
| Yes | 10/20 (50.0) | 31/48 (64.6) | 7.5 (−17.2 to 32.2) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index scored | ||||
| 0 | 131/190 (68.9) | 262/358 (73.2) | 7.1 (−0.8 to 14.9) | |
| 1 | 30/40 (75.0) | 62/77 (80.5) | 4.3 (−10.7 to 19.3) | .92 |
| ≥2 | 13/24 (54.2) | 39/62 (62.9) | 12.4 (−9.6 to 34.5) | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); FIT, fecal immunochemical test.
a
Cash incentive ($10) or lottery incentive (1 in 10 chance of winning $50) conditional on FIT completion combined.
b
P value for the difference in intervention effect across subgroups.
c
“How often do you need to have someone help when you read instructions, pamphlets, or other written materials from your doctor or pharmacy?”
d
Scores ranged from 0 to 8 among study participants, with higher scores indicating greater comorbidities.