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. 2019 Jul 29;6(3):81. doi: 10.3390/medicines6030081

Figure 2.

Figure 2

A. lappa extract suppresses inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inflamed air pouches. After 1 h of injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (PBS/1 mL/pouch) or LPS (1 μg/mL/1 mL/pouch) into air pouches, mice were injected with Alhe (300 mg/kg/1 mL/pouch) or PBS (PBS/1 mL/pouch). Total and differential leukocyte numbers were determined in the lavage fluid, after 4 h. (A) Total leukocytes, (B) neutrophils, (C) mononuclear cell counts, and (D) total protein quantification. (E) IL-6, (F) TNF-α, and (G) IL-1β were quantified by ELISA. The experiment was conducted twice using five mice per group (n = 5), and error bars denote mean ± SEM. * PBS (control) versus LPS; # LPS versus LPS + A. lappa. Differences were considered significant if p < 0.05 according to ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test.