Figure 2.

Life cycle of D. gallinae and checkpoints for the evaluation of vaccine efficacy. The SEM images for the hematophagous stages of PRM are shown as a representation of the life cycle. During the on-hen feeding assay, the following parameters were recorded per individual hen: adult mite mortality (number of dead/fed mites), oviposition (number of eggs laid/fed mite), fertility (number of larvae/eggs laid), larvae molting (number of protonymphs/larvae hatched), protonymph mortality (number of dead/fed protonymphs), and protonymphs molting (number of deutonymphs/ protonymphs). The results showed a 42% reduction in oviposition (GLMM; F = 6.06, p = 0.014, gl1 = 1, gl2 = 747) of mites fed on vaccinated hens when compared to controls.