Table 1.
Characteristics of the mouse growth-arrest-specific (Gas)5 and human GAS5 genes and three other human genes (SNHG1, SNHG5, and SNHG16) that also feature small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) embedded in their introns.
| Gene Name/Aliases | Phenotype | Chromosomal Locale * | Small ORFs | Effect of Estrogen | Intronic snoRNAs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse Gas5 | Tumor suppressor | Chromosome 1 chr1:161,035,166-161,038,537 | Yes | Unknown | Nine SNORD class snoRNAs |
| Human GAS5 | Tumor suppressor | Chromosome 1q25; chr1:173,833,037-173,837,129 | Yes | Repression by ~60% | 10 SNORD class |
| Human SNHG16 ** | Oncogene | Chromosome 17q25.1; chr17:74,553,860-74,561,430 | Yes; Yu et al., [22] | Little or no effect | Three SNORD class snoRNAs |
| Human SNHG1 | Oncogene | 11q12.3; chr11:62,619,460-62,623,357 | Wang Q et al., [23] | Little or no effect | Nine SNORD class snoRNAs |
| Human SNHG5 | Oncogene | 6q14.3; chr6:86,386,725-86,388,438 | Dong et al., [25] | Very small downregulation with E2 | Two SNORD class snoRNAs |
* The chromosomal localization for the human genes refers to the hg19 build; for the mouse gene, we use Genome Reference Consortium Mouse Build 38. ** SNHG16 [22] displays evolutionary conservation of its exons largely restricted to primates, like GAS5, even though (also like GAS5), it has a mouse ortholog (810032O08Rik) at the syntenic location.