Table 1.
Gene symbol, name, and lipogenesis-related functions of the 20 genes measured in the present study.
| Symbol | Name | Function |
|---|---|---|
| ACACA | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alfa | Catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in the de novo synthesis of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) |
| ACSL1 | Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 1 | Convert LCFA into acyl-CoA esters, transport of exogenous fatty acid (FA) |
| ACSS2 | Acyl-CoA Synthetase Short Chain Family Member 2 | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate |
| PLIN2 | Adipose Differentiation-Related Protein | Involved in formation and maintenance of lipid droplets |
| DGAT1 and 2 | Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase Homolog 1 and 2 | Acyltransferase that catalyzes the terminal and only committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis |
| FABP3 and 4 | Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 and 4 | Intracellular transport of acyl-CoA; regulation of gene expression by providing LCFA to PPARγ |
| FADS2 | Fatty acid desaturase 2 | Desaturase introducing a cis double bond at carbon 6 of the fatty acyl chain |
| FASN | Fatty acid synthase | Fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long-chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and NADPH |
| SLC27A6 | Soluble Carrier Protein 27A | LCFA translocation (high uptake); Convert LCFA into acyl-CoA esters |
| INSIG1 | Insulin Induced Gene 1 | Mediates feedback control of cholesterol synthesis by controlling SCAP and HMGCR |
| LPIN1 | Lipin 1 | Dephosphorylation of phosphatidate yielding diacylglycerol; Gene expression (PPARα co- factor) |
| LPL | Lipoprotein Lipase | Catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides from circulating chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins |
| PPARG | Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma | Regulate transcription of lipogenic and adipogenic genes. |
| SCAP | SREBP Chaperone | Protein required for cholesterol as well as lipid homeostasis. Chaperone for activation of SREBP1 |
| SCD1 | Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 | Desaturase introducing introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates |
| SREBF1 | Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor | Transcriptional regulation of cholesterol synthesis and lipogenesis genes |
| THRSP | Thyroid Hormone Responsive | Nuclear protein which is important in the regulation of lipid metabolism |
| VLDLR | Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor | Binds very low-density lipoproteins assisting LPL |