Table 1.

Etiologies Of Hypertriglyceridemia

Hypertriglyceridemia
Primary	Secondary
Familial hyperchylomicronemia (type 1) Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency or mutations in genes regulating the catabolism of triglyceride-rich-lipoproteins (APOC2, APOA5, GPIHBP1, LMF1, GPD1)	Obesity Diabetes mellitus (especially when undiagnosed or uncontrolled) Metabolic syndrome components may have genetic susceptibility
Familial combined hyperlipidemia (type 2b; multygenic)	Hypothyroidism
Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (type 3; APO-E mutations)	Excessive alcohol intake
Familial hypertriglyceridemia (type 4) Mixed Hypertriglyceridemia (type 5; multigenic)	High glycemic index or saturated fat diet, with excessive energy intake
Rare genetic diseases: familial partial lipodystrophy	Drugs (Thiazides, non-selective beta-blockers, estrogens, tamoxifen, bile-acids resins, corticosteroids, protease inhibitors, cyclosporine, retinoids, anti-epileptics, antipsychotics, etc.)
	Pregnancy
	Cushing’s syndrome
	Autoimmune conditions
	Advanced renal disease/nephrotic syndrome
	Advanced liver disease